Efficient Market Theory :: essays research papers

AbstractAccording to the Efficient Market Theory, it should be extremely difficult for an investor to develop a "system" that consistently selects stocks that exhibit higher(prenominal) than normal returns over a period of epoch. It should also not be possible for a company to "cook the books" to misrepresent the value of stocks and bonds. An analysis of authoritative literature, however, indicates that companies can and do "beat the system" and manipulate discipline to make stocks appear to perform above average. An understanding of the underlying inefficient "human" factors in the market equation is necessary in order to account for the flaw in Efficient Market Theory.Efficient Market Theory A contradiction of TermsEfficient Market Theory (EMT) is based on the premise that, given the efficiency of information technology and market dynamics, the value of the normal investment funds stock at any given time accurately reflects the real value of tha t stock. The price for a stock reflects its demonstrable underlying value, financial managers cannot time stock and bond sales to take advantage of "insider" information, sales of stocks and bonds will not depress prices, and companies cannot "cook the books" to artificially manipulate stock and bond prices. However, information technology and market dynamics are based upon the workings of ordinary people and diverse organizations, neither of which are arguably efficient nor consistent. Therefore, we have the staple contradiction of EMT How can a theory based on objective mechanical efficiency hold up when applied to subjective human inefficiency?As a case in point, America Online (AOL) offers a classic example of how investors can be misled by a company that uses the market system against itself. AOL, up until early November of this year, used an accounting system that effectively "cooked their books" and provided misleading figures on the company&8217s performance. Instead of accounting for its promotion expenses and costs as a regular expense, as normal companies do, AOL spread them over two years. This let AOL report annual moolah based on revenue figures derived from denying actual expenses (as cited in Newsweek, November 11 edition).By deferring those costs, AOL over the years reported profits $385 million greater than they would otherwise have been. The company then used these non-existent profits to promote itself as a money-making opportunity for both stockholders and potential investors, artificially increasing its stock prices. This accounting practice is perfectly legal, but the information was unploughed private for over two years.

Essay --

ARTICLE ANALYSISBoth of the articles dance with Professors by Patricia Limerick and stinky First Drafts by Anne Lamott resolve the issues faced by college students when writing papers. The first article, Dancing with Professors, explains why college professors expect more elaborate papers even though they assign dull and un-motivational reading to their students. On the other end of the writing spectrum, Shitty First Drafts explains how valuable the first draft is to students, and why students should not feel weary about writing them.In Patricia Limericks article Dancing with Professors, she argues the problems that college students mustiness face in the present regarding writing. Essays are daunting to most college students, and given the typical lengths of college papers, students are not motivated to write the assigned essays. One of the study contestations in Limericks article is how It is, in truth, difficult to persuade students to write well when they find so few good exa mples in their assigned reading. To college students, this argument is true with most of their ...

Terry Kays To Dance with the White Dog :: Dance White Dog Terry Kay Essays

Terry Kays To Dance with the snow-clad Dog In the story To Dance with the White Dog, surface-to-air missiles daughters were constantly bothering him. surface-to-air missiles daughters thought that he could not do a single thing without them because their dad was getting older. Sam woolly his wife of fifty-seven years, Cora, to a heart attack. Sam needed a companion, someone who could look at him and not think that he was losing his mind exchangeable his family did. One day Sam discovered a albumen red hot running around his property. Sam did not want to support another rate mark like he did in the past. The white dog was something very special to him though. The white dog reminded Sam of a cute white pubescent dog that him and his wife had around the time they were first married. Sams daughters thought that the white dog was a figment of his imagination. White dog is received because of the physical evidence present from the time Sam discovered white dog to the time when white dog left him. Sam found white dog on the steps of his back porch licking up grease spots on the cement. Sam yelled at the white dog, purpose Get(26). Sam then later saw strings of blood from where white dog was licking the cement. One night as well Sam down on the floor in pain because of his hip. One of Sams daughters knew something was wrong because her father was never up that late at night. So, she sent her economise to check and see if everything was okay. When she looked out the window she saw the white dog running from the house with her own eyes. That was the first time that anyone was able to see the dog because white dog never went out of her way for anyone to see her until Sam was in desperate need of help. White dog would also run along the side of Sams truck to the graveyard to visit Coras final resting site. White dog was real because of her physically running after Sams truck. White dog was a special companion to Sam Peek. Sam was a lonely man and white dog kept him company. White dog was considered a figment of Sams imagination because no one could see her. There was physical evidence present that white dog was real.

Why Does Theatre Survive :: essays research papers

Why does theatre survive?3rd term acting studies essay by Ralph Gassmann"All the worlds a stage" to credit the worlds most famous playwright William Shakespeare who rose to prominence in the 16th century during the reign of Elizabeth I, and whos plays have excited and obsess the generations since and will doubtless continue to do so as we approach the 2nd millennium. On this stage the actor represents the symbol of man with all his speck and weakness, with all his morals and ideals.Theatre provides us with a mirror of the society within which we live in and where the conflicts we experience in life are acted discover on stage before us. In the space of a few hours, we participate in a story where the facets of life unfold before our eye and anything can knock, be it tragic, serious or hilarious On the stage real people take on characters and we can identify with the emotions and actions as they happen and share the experience in real time. When this miracle occurs, when the audience and those on stage breathe a exactly the same time, there is a unique ruling of a fulfilled desire, which trans founds the theatre into an immortal place a combination of ecstasy and empathy for the human experience -- an inspiring eventAnother fact which provides the survival of the art form of theatre lies in the very nature of mankind its inner voyeuristic drive. The desire to watch other people dealing with their conflicts and fates challenges as well as reinforces values and the morality of society. As human beings we are learning by examples from others and our own experiences. What demote place therefore than the theatre to form for ourselves an idea of life and its consequences? An inviting and exciting opportunity to watch believable stories and situations as they could happen in real life, showing us a bit better the truth of our nature. Even children can be bring inn to be acting out stories and learn from the consequences of their actions The hero surviv es and the baddy dies Apart from being philosophical and educational it can be also very entertaining. And so is the theatre If comedy is the form in which we see the weakness and faults of others and accept them, then catastrophe is the form in which we see ourselves and hopefully try to change. In both forms, we learn in an entertaining way something of the road to survival - in comedy we learn compromise, and in tragedy we learn what happens when there is no space for compromise.

War in Iraq: There Was Another Option Essay -- Politics Political

War in Iraq There Was Another Option 1. As our brave men and women in uniform find themselves embroiled over again in a conflict in the Middle East, debate surrounding the timeliness and necessity of this second Gulf conflict has ceased in most overlord circles. However, before the current conflict began, controversy raged over when and how to best prosecute this situation. Many argued that the linked States should have worked through the United Nations to pursue a issue that had the consensus of the world behind it. That endeavor, however, was doomed to failure from the start. The United States sought to solve this dilemma using military force. France and Germany desired to diffuse it using anything but force. In order to properly evaluate all options in this case, one must ask themselves how immediate a panic did ibn Talal Hussein Hussein pose to the United States and what is the best way to counter that threat? In my estimation, Saddam Hussein poses no immediate threat to th e United States. Thus, the US government had the time to influence a plan to remove him from power that was agreeable to all involved. 2. One must examine the fine points of each argument that the administration had proposed for the immediacy of fight in order to best refute them. The first and often most repeated argument that Saddam Hussein posed a direct threat to the United States is that he possessed weapons of mass destruction. I am willing to concede that the Iraqi military possessed both chemical and biological agents. Saddam Hussein had stockpiles of them that were never accounted for after the first Gulf War. He has even used them on several occasions on Kurdish minorities in northern Iraq. However, no proof was ever offered that he possessed nu... ...o.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/ ap/20030411/ap_on_re_mi_ea/war_us_military_623 McDowell, Patrick. Crowd Kills 2 Clerics at Shiite Shrine . Middle East AP. April 11 th 2003. http//story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/ ap/20 030411/ap_on_re_mi_ea/war_clerics_killed&cid=540&ncid=716 Mearsheimer, John J. and Stephen M. Walt. An Unnecessary War . Foreign Policy. January/February 2003. 45-48 Pollack, Kenneth M. The Threatening Storm The Case for Invading Iraq . Random House Publishing. start-off Edition 2002. 64, 144 Rai, Milan. No Justification For War . Znet. March 6 2002. Community for Social Change. April 13 2003. Rice, Condoleezza. Campaign 2000 Promoting the National Interest . Foreign Affairs. January/February 2000. 86 Tenet, George. Letter to Congress . October 2002

War in Iraq: There Was Another Option Essay -- Politics Political

War in Iraq There Was Another Option 1. As our brave men and women in uniform find themselves embroiled again in a conflict in the Middle East, debate surrounding the seasonableness and necessity of this second Gulf conflict has ceased in most professional circles. However, before the current conflict began, controversy raged over when and how to best prosecute this situation. galore(postnominal) argued that the United States should have worked through the United Nations to pursue a resolution that had the consensus of the world behind it. That endeavor, however, was doomed to failure from the start. The United States sought to solve this plight using military force. France and Germany desired to diffuse it using anything but force. In order to properly evaluate all options in this case, one mustiness pack themselves how immediate a threat did Saddam Hussein pose to the United States and what is the best way to counter that threat? In my estimation, Saddam Hussein poses no imme diate threat to the United States. Thus, the US government had the time to cultivate a plan to remove him from power that was agreeable to all involved. 2. One must examine the fine points of each argument that the administration had proposed for the immediacy of war in order to best refute them. The first and often most retell argument that Saddam Hussein posed a direct threat to the United States is that he possessed weapons of mass destruction. I am willing to soften that the Iraqi military possessed both chemical and biological agents. Saddam Hussein had stockpiles of them that were never accounted for after the first Gulf War. He has even employ them on several occasions on Kurdish minorities in Northern Iraq. However, no proof was ever offered that he possessed nu... ...o.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/ ap/20030411/ap_on_re_mi_ea/war_us_military_623 McDowell, Patrick. Crowd Kills 2 Clerics at Shiite Shrine . Middle East AP. April 11 th 2003. http//story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl= story&u=/ ap/20030411/ap_on_re_mi_ea/war_clerics_killed&cid=540&ncid=716 Mearsheimer, John J. and Stephen M. Walt. An Unnecessary War . unknown Policy. January/February 2003. 45-48 Pollack, Kenneth M. The Threatening Storm The Case for Invading Iraq . Random House Publishing. First Edition 2002. 64, 144 Rai, Milan. No Justification For War . Znet. March 6 2002. corporation for Social Change. April 13 2003. Rice, Condoleezza. Campaign 2000 Promoting the National Interest . Foreign Affairs. January/February 2000. 86 Tenet, George. Letter to Congress . October 2002

International and Strategic Marketing Essay

If you stop building stars, which we never do, you wouldnt be in clientele. - (McMahon, 2010) Dreaming of big and successful agate linees, would be a convenient task to do but when it comes to fulfill it, troubles, pain, hardships and hurdles are already in attendance to welcome. Starting up a business or even launching it in other(a) countries is non as easy as it may sound. Choosing an industry, that matches ones interests and wants is definitely a thorny job. A slightest decision or choice made if goes wrong affects the whole business and its profitability especi t discover ensembley when the purpose is to hit the roof it internationally.Taking a business from bottom to the peak is another(prenominal) tough job that can not be possible if comely guidance is not present. Many small organizations became huge after expanding on that point business internationally and now they are taken in the list of the top and the well-nigh successful organizations of the planet. All the su ccess is not achieved in a sidereal day or month but wise and effective decisions and appropriate budget is needed to be there not except these but also the proper allocations of the finances help businesses in climbing up the ladder.The expansion of the business is not totally obliging to the entrepreneurs but also to those who work for the organization. Every psyche would desire to be associated with a company that has a name recognized internationally. As we are related to the desist diet chain industry, and up bowl now we bear opened up almost one hundred and thirteen franchises all around the country, due to which our organization has been able to make engaging profits and a good allow among the general public.This couldve also be done in another way by increasing the number of food items we serve in our scorecard but again this way the business will remain to be in a limit of only a single country and on the chip thought we already shake a menu carrying to a great er extent than hundred dishes covering almost all cuisines. The thinker of launching our business world wide may sound a big and a tough step but itll help the organization to expand more and also gain recognition on an international level we have examples present around us want Mc Donalds, KFC, Coffee Day, dominos and others.The business will be able to maintain its good will among the international consumers. This is going to create an image of business success in the oral sexs of wad besides this business expansion is usually seen as a prominent feature of the entrepreneurs business efforts and also the efforts made by one to fulfill its vision. Itll also help the business to increase the percentage of its destiny in the market. Not only will this but also advert our business to gain more capital through making more shareholders in the organization.By expanding our business internationally well be able to produce more customers. Opening up a franchise will result in hiring more employees to take care of the business. This will not only help us but also will create job opportunities for others, causing more interests of other people regarding the business. There will be certain incentives given to the business, like evaluate exemptions, permit to use of property, granting loans if needed and others. The chances of easily benefiting ourselves from the economies of scale will amplify.To expand our business internationally all the strategies have been under gone. Having appropriate property for the expansion and also depicting the future of the business on an international level or how should we expand our business geographic wise or should the business line be extended? These are whatsoever important strategies made for a proper expansion of a business. (K, 2010) Keeping all these advantages in mind the idea is to introduce our unwavering food franchise in a developed country India.The analysis and studies have shown that fat food industry there is booming at an extreme fast pace that is the fast food industry is flourishing by 40% per year. Studies have shown that today more than 10 million workers are employed only in the food preparation and serving all over the world and the employee turnover can grow up to 200%. (Fast food industry in India, 2009). Moreover our fast food restaurant will get a chance to pioneer in those particular(prenominal) dishes that we provide domestically only. The Indian food industry is expected to generate billions of dollars in the coming years.No wonder the economic system of India is growing incredibly plentiful chances to international business persons like us to expand our business in the lad of India. Fast food industry has been a blessing to Indian economy and is very much successful in financial ways and also in helping the quick service food to gain popularity among the citizens. (Shanker, 2010). We not only see the international organization flourishing there but also some big busines s tycoons have been generated from India like Tata Birla, Ambani and others renowned.India positions second in agriculture yield, like foresting, logging and fishing all of this contributes 17% of the Indian GDP in 2009 a slight decrease in its share in GDP, yet is the largest economic sector and also acts a vital role in the socio economic development in India (CIA-2007) The access supply of crude(a) materials to the fast food industry in this country is present because of the changing climate its soil holds plant variety with almost 15000 species of higher plants (Paroda and Mal, 1989) because of this reason other international fast food chains are flooding into this country.The home growing competition with other MNCs does have not only helped us in learning a lot of things but has also made us able to figure out our mistakes and improve them. We not only are modify inland but also that we have a number of people that are expertise in product development, quality standards and service levels. We have the surpass recruiters present in our organization. This way theyll help in choosing the best management for us internationally. Coming up with a perfect and flawless franchise in another country will prominently give a tough competition to other fast food restraints.In many Indian cities families have an exposure to western media and western cuisine further the trend of increasing trend of women joining the workforce will also help us in creating ken about the western cuisine amongst others who are unaware. scarce usually the western media accomplishes its job in making them know about our dishes we serve. This way some of our dishes we offer to our customers will not be seem strange or weird to them and theyll get easily comfortable with the food.The economy of India has been eased up and most of the tariff and non tariff limitations are either lessened or have been completely removed from the country this has made possible for the international business es to make their populate in the Indian market. (Fast Food Industry in India, 2009) There are number of renowned MNCs thinking India for their growth, and they are ready to bring upon changes on their menu according to Indian wants. KFC has amazingly increased the number of meals made of vegetables with receiving of 15% of its revenues on selling vegetable items. Mediratta, 2006) Not only this but eye masks the global leader of pizza delivery, is now repositioning itself in dining out restaurants, as it doesnt make sense to the staff of half masks to limit their business as a convenient delivery service provider (Kaul 2006) Hence it is important for all the big organizations generating successful businesses all over the world to bring up some changes and variations in their businesses according to the needs and desires of their customers. The customers are termed to be a key of success to such business.But these days Indian food industry is on a shortage of food processing infrast ructure, thats why the government is offering the foreign entrepreneurs with tax reduction and subsidies. (Everyones invited, 2006) With a lot of advantages challenges are equally important and tough to face and our business too have to face these challenges. Dealing with no challenges there are hardly any business that is tend to flourish. Every business, be it small or big has to face the hardships. Opening up our fast food franchise in India sounds and definitely is productive but at the same time we are loaded with extreme challenges.India is said to be the richest in culture and its traditions. There are many areas in India where eating at home is established centuries ago and the tradition is still carried on by the descendents. Creating the awareness of dining out with families and changing their eating habits is a slow moving procedure. Generally there are a set of people, Hindus and also non- Hindus who do not prefer eating meat or avoid all such meals that slow down the ph ysical and spiritual development of a human luggage compartment like garlic and onion (Fast Food Industry in India, 2009).Considering their opinions and wants and to show the impact of their opinions is necessary yet will be challenging. As our customers always have been our first priority, maintaining our standards it has to be our responsibility to satisfy and delight them through our services and food of their wants. There are people who are now diverging themselves towards the fast food chains due to the western medias exposure in Asian countries this is a helping move on t us but not exactly solve all our problems as there are some fundamentalists who turn out to be a difficult barrier to cover.They provoke people to stand against such believes and force them to stick to their old eating habits. Dealing with such people and making them aware about our products will definitely be a difficult job to do. In addition to this, India has some strict labor laws because of which it s lows down the creation of formal jobs in industries (BBC, 2005) As India is considered to be a hub of multi cultures there are people who belong to a culture where no dishes made of any kind of meat be it sea food or mutton or beef, their belief prohibits them to eat meals mad up of such meats. affright slaughter is banned in India where Hindus are in majority, it is because what their religion teaches them. Cow they believe is to be holy and they are found to be worshipping them. They consider the beefing process to be forbidden to them by in their religion not only this but according to them not only untouchables, but Indian Muslims and Christians do eat beef. In India cow-worshipping is said to be a vital part of Indian culture (Harris, 2010).Our franchise shall operate in a distinguish way keeping in mind and taking care of all the barriers and limitations provided by the country. It has already mentioned above that customers are the main key to the success of any business, be i t large or small. The franchise shall be opened up through out the day as India has an extreme night life in big cities and in such areas fast food culture prevails immensely.Not only this will the prices menu and location all be according to the expediency of the Indian citizens. The menu like always will be diversified and for all the vegetarian lovers our menu will have a vast number of dishes cooked with vegetables. As some people are largely concerned about their meals, and if on the other hand they are against eating beef, for such people a separate vegetarian staff will be appointed so that they remain contended with the hygiene issues if they would have any.

Lemongrass as a Insect Repellent

Homemade Lemongrass Insect Repellent In heaven you wont hear the mosquitoes Finnish proverb Similar to citronella oil as a natural insect repellent, fresh lemongrass also provides added antibacterial and anti-fungal properties to your homemade insect repellent. Here is a quick and easy recipe for making your suffer insect repellent at home. Ingredients 10-12 lemongrass stalks Approx. 15 citronella leaves 4 tsp whole cloves 14oz sunflower oil (other oils you have on-hand will work OK too)Wash the lemongrass and citronella leaves. Lightly chop the lemongrass and citronella. straddle chopped items in a blender with the cloves and blend. Pour the blended mix along with the sunflower oil into a heatproof bowl or a cooking cooking pan (a double boiler is what were setting up next) and mix until all ingredients are well blended. Place the bowl or pan over a pan of simmering water and cover tightly. Let boil for an hour, and then cool. Strain the cooled mixture through a fine sieve or si milar dent/material.Pour the strained mixture into a pump spray bottle. To Use Shake well and spray liberally over all exposed skin areas. deflect the eyes. Always reapply after washing. If any irritation occurs wash off immediately and discontinue use. This insect repellent will keep for about a socio-economic class if stored in a cool and dry location. Some people grow their own lemongrass from stalks purchased at the market, and if you domiciliate do this all the better for you. Maybe you can make some extra batches of the repellent and share with your friends and neighbors.Other uses for lemongrass include herbal tea made from an infusion of the chopped herb soaked in boiling water and then strained. Used in this method lemongrass is good for helping reduce fevers, stomach cramps, and as a general digestive aid. Although this recipe does non call for either lemongrass or citronella oils please note that neither oil should be used directly on the skin they should always be di luted. This is exactly one variation of a homemade insect repellent. Please feel free to share your own recipes.

Obtaining a college degree Essay

Obtaining a college degree is one of the most important goals in my life. I cognize that with a college degree I could bear better opportunities to realize my dreams. I am an international student and I find life in this country exciting, new and it seemed that anyday is a discipline experience. I feel that there is so much more that I could learn, so much more to experience and to discover. I am Chung, Sung-Joo and I am applying in your university to continue my studies in the field of economics.I come from a place where information is valued and highly prized. I know that my parents and family will be proud of me when I get into a university and I am doing my best to not fail them. The dream of earning a degree from a prestigious university has been my warmth to continue studying despite the difficulties of adjusting to a new country and new culture.The image in my estimate of going to school everyday in this university and attend classes and meeting new people have kept me going and pulled me through two years of preparatory training. Applying to the University of California is the next installment to the realization of that dream. universe accepted would be an accomplishment in itself and if ever I will be given the chance to continue my studies in this institution then I am prepared and able to give my best and fulfill my desire for learning and to become an expert in the field of economics.Early in my life, I have understood why my parents have worked so hard to send me to a good school and why they have encouraged me to seek education in this country, and until now I believe in their conviction that having a quality education is the key for success later in life.I gain with me that conviction, hence I am committed to finishing this course, and I will work hard, persevere in the face of difficulties, find meaning in my lessons, suppose of my teachers and participate wholeheartedly in my classes. I believe that if a person desires and prays for that which he holds dear then it will be given to him. I know that with hard work, dedication to my studies and being happy with what I do will take me closer to that degree. Academically, I know that I can cope with the demands of university rigors.I am good with numbers and I can easily understand concepts like trends and patterns of movement, and I do believe that I have the analytical mind necessary for the study of economics. I have been well trained by my mentors in Diablo Valley College and they have all encouraged me to apply in your school. I trust their judgment and I know that your program will give me the knowledge and skills to become an analytical economist. I am also good at understanding relationships between ideas and or events, I am fairly certain that economists should be good at critical thinking, problem solving and forecasting.I think that I have the necessary background for furthering a degree in economics, although I must admit that I still need to improve i n my verbal communication skills and in speaking the language more fluently. But I know that despite the language difficulty, my earnest desire to learn would overhaul it. I have adequate computer skills, I have an eye for details, I am careful with my work and I have a work study habit. I am also adept at research and I like doing practical application projects as it helps me test the concepts I knowing from class and I enjoy working with a topic and finding more about it.I know that so many students come to you every semester and I do hope that I will be among those you would consider to accept.ReferencePetersons Undergraduate Database (2006). New York Thomson Learning Inc.

Human Resource Management and the Banking Sector Essay

t compassionate resource management and the banking sector By Imran Samad Human resource management (HRM) has foresightful been overlooked in the collective sector in the country where a small section, comprising mostly the multi-national companies was practising the same. With the growing realization of proper HRM in the corporate sector, it has grown into an important activity. Now the full point of HRM is an important member of the senior teams of any thriving business. Although the idea is new for more local businesses where entrepreneurs be at the beginning of the learning curve to date in reality the theme is getting support from the organized entrepreneurs.The banking sector has grown from a few institutions primarily involved in deposit acceptation and trade finance into a complex multi player markets where macroscopic number of commercial banks, financial institutions and specialized banks are operating with heterogeneous products and activities. The banking has bec ome a complex activity within the financial market linked directly and indirectly with an over-all national growth and its impact as an integral part of regional segment of a global banking environment.Almost every bank and financial institution is involved in various functions in a days line of work and thus requires a highly effective team and appropriate manpower to run the show. Corporate goals are translated into viable realities and profits only with gay element who play their due role in achieving the desired results. Thus even the high automation would require proper man behind the car to make things happen. This idea has been realized by top managements in progressive banks. Like many other organized sectors, banking requires a multi layer manpower for its various requirements of lords and support staff.The range may require reasonably educated security guards on the one end and a highly educated and trained professional as head of corporate finance at the other. With l iberalization of activities within the banking sector, for example, much(prenominal) emphasis on consumer and house finance and personal loans, etc. banking has move itself into a more market-based business where banks have expanded their reach more to customers door steps in a big way making banking more practical. This has further highlighted the need for proper deployment of man-power to run banks efficiently.For many years, HRM banks like other institutions have been handling this sensitive activity through respective personnel departments. This content human resources were managed like other physical assets e. g. pieces of furniture, calculators, equipment and appliances. Personnel departments were primarily engaged in approval of leaves, handling of staff loans, issuance of show cause, conducting disciplinary enquiries and bourne from service. Recruitment was a routine function and was done in a mechanical way to hire nation with specific educational dressingground irre spective of their real value to the institution.Success stories of large banking companies have been evident of the fact that HRM is quite different from management of physical assets. Human brain has its own comical chemistry. Its strong sensory and decision-making capacity has to be greatly emphasized by the employers. The work mogul constituting all levels of employees are constantly thinking in many dimensions. On the one hand it is the assigned duty and task they are to perform and for which they are paid by their employer, on the other they think of their long run goals and objectives.By no means, their brains can be controlled to think beyond the current situation of employment. Managing this educated, skillful and trus bothrthy work force is not an well job. A few of the current challenges faced by the banking industry in terms of human resource management may be the following effectual work forceA time-consuming and hectic job is to hunt the right talent. Its just sitti ng by the river and waiting for the right fish to catch. higher(prenominal) the professional value of the vacancy, tougher is the search. Identifying the right stuff followed by negotiation is the element which makes the job tough for the employer.Banks are keenly interested to fill up two types of breads of professionals. Ones who are outstanding professionals with high job hopping attitude these are those who come in work for some time and then leave for better prospects. Others are those who are keenly picked-up, trained and are some how retained to be developed as future management within the bank. Management trainees are a growing popular phenomenon where freshly qualified business graduates are engaged by banks and a certain percentage of these well equipped professionals stay back within the organization to grow into the footsteps of senior managers.Banking jobs being apparently lucrative for many, attract a large number of candidates against advertised vacancies in media c reating a large data base management problem. This has been facilitated by specialised hiring agencies who may take up the job of hiring in case of large number of vacancies. Right peopleThe most difficult agenda of HRM across the banking sector is to retain the right people.Sudden growth of retail banking and other services has put pressure on HR mangers in banks to engage more professionals within shorter span of time thereby attracting manpower in other banks on attractive packages has made the job market very competing. A bank in a normal course invests time and money to hire and train the appropriate work force for its own operations. This ready-made force is often identified and subsequently picked-up on better terms by others. CompensationHow much to pay to the right employee and how much to the outstanding performer.Banks have traditionally followed pay scales with predetermined developments, salary slabs, bonuses and time-based fringe benefits like car and house advance, g ratuity, pension, etc. The situation is not the same anymore. An increment of Rs500-800 per annum is no more a source of attraction for a professional anymore. A basic pay with traditional formulas of linkage with medical and other facilities has no soothing effect today. A promise of future growth, learning culture and corporate loyalty is out of dictionary and does not mean anything to this energetic and competent performer today.A waiting period of 3-4 years in each cadre haunts the incumbents who strongly believe in immediate compensation. There are examples to this. give thanks to the car financing modalities car is no more a fantasy item any more. A freshly hired professional requires a disgrace new car or car loan on resuming office quite contrary to his previous breed of bankers who would wait for the job seniority to intend for a car loan. Job satisfaction Everybody in the bank wants to work in the preferential department, preferential location, city of his own choice a nd boss of his liking.An administrative deviation from any of these results in lowered job satisfaction. Although hiring is normally based on regional requirement matching the area of activity with that of employees virgin birth yet other elements like appointment in the department of choice and preference makes the job of HR manager quite challenging. What the HR manger cannot drop is the dissatisfied employee who not only disrupts the smooth working himself but also spreads the negativity to others by his de-motivated attitude.Morale boostingWhat has long been overlooked is the morale boosting of the employees by the organizations. Human beings even if satisfied of material wellbeing need to be appraised and encouraged constantly. Smart banks have realized this need and have taken steps to encumber their work force motivated through proper encouragement like man of the month awards, repeat get-togethers, conferences, sports events, dinners, company sponsored travel, reunions, e tc. This is the way employees create a feeling of belongingness.

Examine the management opportunities and challenges associated with the use Of a named global vegetation system

The global vegetation system that I am going to be using is the equatorial rain forest. Tropical rain forests (TRF) atomic number 18 usually found along or near the equator. These ar equatorial climates and inn these climates there atomic number 18 no seasons. The TRF has a very large range of species. There are a lot of tropical warmwoods here, such as mahog whatsoever, Oak, Ipe and many more. The direct office for people is to burn the wood that they cut down from the tropical rainforests. An indirect use would be to sell the wood on.There are three scales of how existence affect the TRF, small scale is shifting destination, on a medium scale there would be plantations and on a large scale the is deforestation. as there are challenges caused as a consequence of how we use it. There a number of environmental challenges that humans face. Firstly the climate here, it is hot pixilated and humid. These conditions delineate it hard for humans to live there. There give the sack in like manner be disease here, and pests such as spiders, snakes etc.These become a fleshly challenge for people to over come. The surface of the TRF can become very swampy in places, this means that it can be very hard for people to move around in the TRF. The density of the TRF is immense, it is incredible difficult for people to get into and to move about in there. Shifting cultivation has opportunities for local people. These local people will use the slash/burn method for making a clearing, here they will find some crops (usually yams).They admit hunters/gatherers who will go out and get food from the area surrounding the clearing they have made. They will live in this clearing for around 4 years, by this time the nutrients start to become depleted, this is one of the challenges that they face. Now they have to move several kilometres away and make sure that they are not in the area where they sent their hunters/gatherers. The clearing that they left will start to gro w back. These people have now become part of the eco system and are contend to become the top carnivores.The population has started to explode in these places and has significantly increased. This practise how now become less viable and there is now less opportunities for the clearings to re grow and therefore there is going to be more and more clearings made in the TRF and they wont be getting the chance to grow back. This is one of the elephantine challenges that they will now face. Plantations are on a medium to large scale of how humans will affect the TRF. Plantations are set up by colonies (MEDCs), and multi national companies.They aim to grow the same crop over large areas of land that would have naturally grown there any way such as tea, coffee, rubber etc. A very large area has got to be cleared so that the plantations can operate. The opportunities for a plantation are huge. They can use the plantation all year round due to the climate being ideal (hot, wet, humid) and there being no seasons. They are able to exploit the forest and use it economically by selling off the crops that they produce. And as they produce a large amount they will make big profits.One big challenge that plantations face is the fact that the diversity of species has been replaced and is now a mono culture. Where there was once area of many species, they are now dominated by single crops on large areas of land. Pests and disease in a TRF are controlled, solely in a plantation all the plants are the same so if a disease gets in there all the plants are going to be infected. Also the nutrient round of golf is going to be affected by plantations. Growing the same crop over and over again uses the same nutrients and we get soil depletion.Plantations are a manipulation of the eco system. Deforestation has a phenomenal affect on the TFF. The tropical hardwoods have a big demand around the world and this is where they get them. They set out good income for the people who are sell ing them. The demand for these woods leads to a ruin affect on the TRF. The diversity of species inside the TRF is phenomenal, and this causes a big problem. In 1sqkm there may only be one mahogany tree, if this is the tree that is needed the people are not able to just go and get that one.The forest is so dense they have to pull down all the trees in that area to get to that one. This is mass clearance and has a devastating affect on the TRF. When a tree is chopped down it is going to wipe out a lot of trees in the process. As an affect of this deforestation there is going to be soil erosion. When the trees get pulled down the soil is left exposed to the elements. Afforestation is a process, which should take place after deforestation happens. This is where trees are re planted.To conclude what I have written, there is always going to be management opportunities in a tropical rain forest whether it is on a small scale or on a large scale. The affects that these opportunities have on the tropical rainforest varies. On one hand the affects can be minor as in the local moving land in shifting cultivation due to soil depletion. But the affects can also be devastating, as in deforestation where there is mass clearance and an area of the tropical rain forest is destroyed. So there are opportunities but they can come at a big cost to the environment.